Problem Set 4.2: Types of Reactions (2) – Some Special Reactions Complete each equation by writing each balancing coefficient. Each blank should have a whole number!

Part A Single Replacement Reactions

1. Magnesium is added to water

Mg _(s) + 2 HOH _(l) à Mg(OH)_{2 (s)} + H_{2 (g)}

2. An aqueous solution of iodine is added to a solution of sodium fluoride

I_{2 (aq)} + NaF _(aq) à N.R. (note that there is no balancing!)

3. Chlorine water (chlorine gas dissolved in water) is added to potassium bromide solution

Cl_{2 (aq)} + 2 KBr _(aq) à Br_{2 (aq)} + 2 KCl _(aq)

4. Sodium is added to water

2 Na _(s) + 2 HOH _(l) à 2 NaOH _(aq) + H_{2 (g)}

5. Calcium is added to water

Ca _(s) + 2 HOH _(l) à Ca(OH)_{2 (s)} + H_{2 (g)}

6. Nickel (III) chloride solution is added to a iron strip

NiCl_{3 (aq)} + Fe _(s) à FeCl_{3 (aq)} + Ni _(s)

7. Mercury is added to hydrochloric acid

Hg _(l) + HCl _(aq) à N.R.

8. Strontium is added to water

Sr _(s) + 2 HOH _(l) à Sr(OH)_{2 (aq)} + H_{2 (g)}

9. Aluminum is added to a solution of zinc chloride

2 Al _(s) + 3 ZnCl_{2 (aq)} à 2 AlCl_{3 (aq)} + 3 Zn _(s)

10. Gold is added to water

Au _(s) + HOH _(l) à N.R.

11. Nickel metal is dropped into magnesium sulphate solution

Ni _(s) + MgSO_{4 (aq)} à N.R.

Part B Double Replacement Reactions (neutralization or water-forming)

1. Magnesium hydroxide solution is added to hydrofluoric acid.

Mg(OH)_{2 (aq)} + 2 HF _(aq) à MgF_{2 (aq)} + 2 H₂O _(l)

note: solubility of F^- compounds are same as Cl^-

2. Sodium hydroxide solution is added to phosphoric acid

3 NaOH _(aq) + H₃PO_{4 (aq)} à Na₃PO_{4 (aq)} + 3 H₂O _(l)

3. Chlorous acid is added to barium hydroxide solution

Ba(OH)_{2 (aq)} + 2 HClO_{2 (aq)} à Ba(ClO₂)_{2 (aq)} + 2 H₂O _(l)

4. Boric acid is added to lithium hydroxide solution

3 LiOH _(aq) + H₃BO_{3 (aq)} à Li₃BO_{3 (aq)}+ 3 H₂O _(l)

5. Aluminum hydroxide paste is placed into sulphuric acid

2 Al(OH)_{3 (s)} + 3 H₂SO_{4 (aq)} à Al₂(SO₄)_{3 (aq)} + 6 H₂O _(l)

Part C Double Replacement Reactions (Precipitation)

1. Magnesium chloride solution is added to a solution of silver nitrate.

MgCl_{2 (aq)} + 2 AgNO_{3 (aq)} à Mg(NO₃)_{2 (aq)} + 2 AgCl _(s)

2. Sodium hydroxide solution is added to copper (II) chloride solution.

CuCl_{2 (aq)} + 2 NaOH _(aq) à Cu(OH)_{2 (s)} + 2 NaCl _(aq)

3. Carbonic acid is added to barium acetate solution.

H₂CO_{3 (aq)} + Ba(CH₃COO)_{2 (aq)} à BaCO_{3 (s)} + 2 CH₃COOH _(aq)

4. Sodium sulphate solution is added to lead (II) nitrate solution.

Na₂SO_{4 (aq)} + Pb(NO₃)_{2 (aq)} à PbSO_{4 (s)} + 2 NaNO_{3 (aq)}

5. Ammonium sulphate solution is added to barium chloride solution.

(NH₄)₂SO_{3 (aq)} + BaCl_{2 (aq)} à BaSO_{3 (s)} + 2 NH₄Cl _(aq)